Floating dock deflection management systems

ABSTRACT

This invention relates to a ready system for providing floating dock deflection management systems increasing operations efficiency and providing accurate, safe control to eliminate man-made accidents. This invention also relates to a ready system for providing floating dock deflection management systems providing information to safely operate at least one dry dock without over-stressing the metallurgy of the dry dock.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

The present application is related to and claims priority from priorprovisional application Ser. No. 61/077,134, filed Jun. 30, 2008,entitled “FLOATING DOCK DEFLECTION MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS”, and is relatedto and claims priority from prior provisional application Ser. No.61/052,603, filed May 12, 2008, entitled “FLOATING DOCK DEFLECTIONMANAGEMENT SYSTEMS”, the content of all of which are incorporated hereinby this reference and are not admitted to be prior art with respect tothe present invention by the mention in this cross-reference section.

BACKGROUND

This invention relates to improved floating dock deflection managementsystems. More particularly, this invention relates to a ready system forproviding floating dock deflection management systems. Further, thisinvention relates to providing a ready system for floating dockdeflection management systems increasing operations efficiency andproviding accurate, safe control to eliminate man-made accidents.Additionally, this invention relates to a ready system for providingfloating dock deflection management systems providing information tosafely operate at least one dry dock without over-stressing themetallurgy of the dry dock.

Presently, floating dock deflection management systems do not comprise,for example, a system for precisely monitoring and controllinglongitudinal deflection of at least one length of at least one dry dock,to levels of precision of the order of micro-radians. Also, presently,floating dock deflection management systems do not comprise, forexample, a system for precisely monitoring and controlling transversedeflection of at least one length of at least one dry dock, to levels ofprecision of the order of micro-radians. Additionally, presently,floating dock deflection management systems do not comprise, forexample, a system for precisely monitoring and controlling transverselongitudinal deflection or skew of at least one length of at least onedry dock, to levels of precision of the order of micro-radians

Thus, a need exists for a ready floating dock deflection managementsystem that comprises, for example, monitoring and controllinglongitudinal deflection, and/or monitoring and controlling transversedeflection, and/or monitoring and controlling transverse longitudinaldeflection and/or skew of at least one length of at least one dry dock,to levels of precision of the order of micro-radians.

OBJECTS AND FEATURES OF THE INVENTION

A primary object and feature of the present invention is to providefloating dock deflection management systems that comprise monitoring andcontrolling longitudinal deflection of at least one length of at leastone dry dock.

It is a further object and feature of the present invention to provideready floating dock deflection management systems that comprisemonitoring and controlling transverse deflection of at least one lengthof at least one dry dock, to levels of precision of the order ofmicro-radians

It is a further object and feature of the present invention to provideready floating dock deflection management systems that comprisemonitoring and controlling transverse longitudinal deflection or skew ofat least one length of at least one dry dock, to levels of precision ofthe order of micro-radians

Also, a further primary object and feature of the present invention isto provide such a system that is efficient, inexpensive, and handy.Other objects and features of this invention will become apparent withreference to the following descriptions.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In accordance with a preferred embodiment hereof, this inventionprovides an apparatus, relating to controlling deflections of materialsof at least one large, dynamically-supported, elongated floatablestructure having a plurality of dynamic support points, comprising: atleast one first set of sensors associated with such materials andrespectively spaced at respective sensor locations along at least onefirst length of such materials substantially parallel to at least onelongitudinal axis of such structure; and at least one controllerstructured and arranged to take dynamic support action responsive tooutputs of such at least one first set of sensors; wherein eachrespective sensor of such at least one first set of sensors isessentially adapted to measure respective relative inclination at arespective sensor location along such at least one first length of suchmaterials; wherein each such sensor essentially provides information inrelation to relative inclinations in respective portions of suchstructure to such at least one controller; wherein such dynamic supportaction taken by such at least one controller comprises minimizing ofsuch relative inclinations; and wherein deflections in such materials ofsuch respective portions may be controlled; and at least one actionsystem structured and arranged to perform such dynamic support action.

Moreover, it provides such a apparatus wherein: such at least one firstlength comprises at least one first sub-length and at least one secondsub-length, each one oriented substantially parallel to the at least onelongitudinal axis of such structure; such at least one first set ofsensors comprises at least one first plurality of sensors and at leastone second plurality of sensors; such at least one first plurality ofsensors is associated with such materials and are spaced at respectivesensor locations along such at least one first sub-length; and such atleast one second plurality of sensors is associated with such materialsand are spaced at respective sensor locations along such at least onesecond sub-length. Additionally, it provides such a apparatus furthercomprising: at least one position sensor located midships of suchelongated floatable structure; wherein such at least one position sensoressentially provides at least one reference indicating position of suchelongated floatable structure with respect to at least one horizon; andwherein such at least one action system, responsive to such at least onecontroller, essentially assists such structure to seek to remain inessentially a horizontal plane.

Also, it provides such an apparatus wherein: such at least onecontroller comprises at least one computer processor structured andarranged to respond to deflection information of such sensors andcontrol such action system to minimize any deflections. In addition, itprovides such a apparatus wherein: such at least one action systemfurther comprises at least one pumping-system interface structured andarranged to interface with at least one ballast pumping system of suchelongated floatable structure; wherein such at least one ballast pumpingsystem interface assists pumping at least one flowable ballastsubstance; and such at least one pumping-system interface is furtherstructured and arranged to respond to such at least one controller. And,it provides such a apparatus wherein: such at least one action systemfurther comprises at least one plurality of ballast-tank sensorsstructured and arranged to respectively measure the flowable ballastsubstance contained within a plurality of ballast tanks of suchelongated floatable structure; and such at least one pumping-systeminterface is structured and arranged to assist move such flowableballast substance in and out of selected ballast tanks among such atleast one plurality of ballast tanks in accordance with control of suchat least one controller. Further, it provides such a apparatus wherein:such at least one action system further comprises at least oneballast-valving interface structured and arranged to interface with atleast one ballast-valving system of such elongated floatable structure;such at least one ballast-valving interface is structured and arrangedto respond to such at least one controller; and such at least oneballast-valving interface is further structured and arranged toselectively enable such at least one flowable ballast substance toselectively flow into or out of individual ballast tanks of such atleast one plurality of ballast tanks.

Even further, it provides such a apparatus further comprising: at leastone third plurality of sensors associated with such materials andrespectively spaced at respective sensor locations along at least onetransverse width of such materials substantially perpendicular to atleast one longitudinal axis of such structure; wherein such at least onecontroller is structured and arranged to take dynamic support actionresponsive to outputs of such at least one third plurality of sensors;wherein each respective sensor of such at least one third plurality ofsensors is essentially structured and arranged to measure respectiverelative inclination at a respective sensor location along such at leastone transverse width; wherein each such sensor of such at least onethird plurality of sensors essentially provides information in relationto such transverse relative inclinations in respective portions of suchstructure to such at least one controller; and wherein such dynamicsupport action by such at least one controller comprises minimizing ofsuch transverse relative inclinations; wherein deflections in suchmaterials of such transverse respective portions may be controlled; andwherein such at least one action system is structured and arranged toperform such transverse dynamic support action.

Moreover, it provides such a apparatus wherein: each such sensor of suchat least one third plurality of sensors comprises at least oneinclinometer sensor; and each such at least one inclinometer sensorcomprises at least one inclination transducer adapted to provide atleast one electrical output proportioned as to the angular variationfrom gravity vector. Additionally, it provides such a apparatus whereinessentially each of such first plurality of sensors, such secondplurality of sensors, and such position sensor, is connected by at leastone network protocol to such at least one control system. Also, itprovides such a apparatus wherein: each such sensor of such at least onefirst plurality of sensors, such at least one second plurality ofsensors, and such at least one position sensor comprises at least oneinclinometer sensor; each such at least one inclinometer sensorcomprises at least one inclination transducer adapted to provide atleast one electrical output proportioned as to the angular variationfrom gravity vector; and such at least one electrical outputsubstantially relates to at least one trim angle of such elongatedfloatable structure.

In addition, it provides such a apparatus wherein: each such at leastone inclinometer sensor of such at least one first plurality of sensors,such at least one second plurality of sensors, and such at least oneposition sensor further comprise at least one inclination transducerstructured and arranged to provide at least one electrical outputproportioned as to the angular variation from gravity vector; and suchat least one electrical output substantially relates to at least oneroll (list angle) of such elongated floatable structure. And, itprovides such a apparatus wherein: each such at least one inclinometersensor of such at least one first plurality of sensors, such at leastone second plurality of sensors, and such at least one position sensorfurther comprise at least one inclination transducer structured andarranged to provide at least one electrical output proportioned as tothe angular variation from gravity vector; such at least one electricaloutput substantially relates to at least one trim angle and at least onelist angle; and such at least one electrical output is substantiallydetermined by variations of electrical resistance associated with atleast one resistance bridge as such at least one resistance bridgeexperiences such at least one trim angle and such at least one listangle.

Further, it provides such a apparatus wherein: such at least onecontroller further comprises at least one sensor-signal collectorcircuit structured and arranged to attach to such at least one firstplurality of sensors and such at least one second plurality of sensorsand such at least one position sensor; and such at least onesensor-signal collector circuit provides at least one sensor-signalconverter. Even further, it provides such an apparatus wherein such atleast one sensor-signal converter converts at least one sensor analogsignal to at least one digital signal. Moreover, it provides such anapparatus wherein such at least one sensor-signal collector circuitprovides at least one serial data stream to at least one networkprotocol data stream. Additionally, it provides such an apparatuswherein such at least one network protocol comprises Ethernet protocol.Also, it provides such a apparatus wherein: such at least one controllerfurther comprises at least one power supply structured and arranged toprovide power to such at least one first plurality of sensors and suchat least one second plurality of sensors and such at least one positionsensor; and such at least one power supply comprises at least one powercircuit adapted to provide power to at least one power-over-Ethernetprotocol switch. In addition, it provides such an apparatus furthercomprising such at least one floatable structure. And, it provides suchan apparatus wherein: such at least one floatable structure comprises atleast one dry dock; and such flowable ballast substance comprises waterupon which such at least one dry dock is afloat. Further, it providessuch a apparatus wherein such at least one dry dock comprises: at leastone starboard wing-wall extending substantially along such at least onefirst sub-length; at least one port wing-wall extending substantiallyalong such at least one second sub-length; and at least one floorextending substantially between such at least one starboard wing-walland such at least one port wing-wall; wherein such first plurality ofsensors is attached along such at least one starboard wing-wall; whereinsuch second plurality of sensors is attached along such at least oneport wing-wall; and wherein such at least one position sensor isattached midships along such at least one floor.

In accordance with another preferred embodiment hereof, this inventionprovides a retrofitting method, relating to providing enhanced controlof deflections of materials in at least one large,dynamically-supported, elongated structure, wherein such structurecomprises a first set of sensors spaced along a first length of suchstructure, such retrofitting method comprising the steps of: providing asecond set of sensors to replace such first set of sensors; whereinessentially each of such second set of sensors comprises a more directmeasurement of inclination than essentially each of such first set ofsensors; and installing such second set of sensors in such structure;wherein at least one existing controller for controlling suchdeflections, usable with such first set of sensors, in essentiallyunmodified form, is usable with such second set of sensors. Evenfurther, it provides such a method wherein such step of installing suchsecond set of sensors in such structure comprises the step of:decoupling such first set of sensors, providing a measure of elevation,from such at least one existing controller; and operably coupling suchsecond set of sensors, providing substantially a measure of inclination,with such at least one existing controller.

In accordance with another preferred embodiment hereof, this inventionprovides a method, relating to controlling deflections of materials ofat least one large, dynamically-supported, elongated floatable structurehaving a plurality of dynamic support points, comprising the steps of:installing at least one first set of sensors associated with suchmaterials and respectively spaced at respective sensor locations alongat least one first length of such materials substantially parallel to atleast one longitudinal axis of such structure; and installing at leastone controller adapted to take dynamic support action responsive tooutputs of such at least one first plurality of sensors; installing atleast one action system structured and arranged to perform such dynamicsupport action; wherein each respective sensor of such at least onefirst plurality of sensors is essentially adapted to measure respectiverelative inclination at a respective sensor location along such at leastone first length of such materials; wherein such each such sensoressentially provides information in relation to relative inclinations inrespective portions of such structure to such at least one controller;wherein such dynamic support action by such at least one controllercomprises minimizing of such relative inclinations; and whereindeflections in such materials of such respective portions may becontrolled. Moreover, it provides such a method further comprising thesteps of: identifying within such at least one first length, at leastone first sub-length and at least one second sub-length, each oneoriented substantially parallel to at least one longitudinal axis ofsuch structure; arranging such at least one first set of sensors tocomprise at least one first plurality of sensors and at least one secondplurality of sensors; spacing such at least one first set of sensors atrespective sensor locations along such at least one first sub-length andassociating such at least one first set of sensors with such materialsof such at least one first sub-length; spacing such at least one secondset of sensors at respective sensor locations along such at least onesecond sub-length and associating such at least one second set ofsensors with such materials of such at least one second sub-length.

Additionally, it provides such a method further comprising the step of:providing at least one position sensor located midships of suchelongated floatable structure; and operably coupling such at least oneposition sensor to such at least one controller to essentially provideat least one reference indicating position of such elongated floatablestructure with respect to at least one horizon; wherein such at leastone action system, responsive to such at least one controller,essentially assists such structure to seek to remain in essentially ahorizontal plane. Also, it provides such a method further comprising thesteps of: merging information from such at least one first plurality ofsensors, such at least one second plurality of sensors, and such atleast one position sensor within such at least one controller;determining at least one action by such at least one action system,using such merged data, to essentially assists such structure to seek toremain in such essentially a horizontal plane; and initiating by such atleast one controller, such at least one action of such at least oneaction system. In addition, it provides such a method further comprisingthe steps of: providing within such at least one action system, at leastone ballast-pumping-system interface adapted to assist action-systemcontrolled pumping of at least one ballast substance by at least oneballast pumping system of such elongated floatable structure; providingwithin such at least one action system, at least one plurality ofballast-tank sensors structured and arranged to respectively measure theflowable ballast substance contained within a plurality of ballast tanksof such elongated floatable structure, wherein such at least onepumping-system interface is structured and arranged to assist move suchflowable ballast substance in and out of selected ballast tanks amongsuch at least one plurality of ballast tanks in accordance with controlof such at least one controller; and providing within such at least oneaction system, at least one ballast-valving interface structured andarranged to interface with at least one ballast-valving system of suchelongated floatable structure; wherein such at least one ballast-valvinginterface is structured and arranged to respond to such at least onecontroller; and wherein such at least one ballast-valving interface isfurther structured and arranged to selectively enable such at least oneflowable ballast substance to selectively flow into or out of individualballast tanks of such at least one plurality of ballast tanks.

And, it provides such a method further comprising the steps of:providing at least one third plurality of sensors associated with suchmaterials and respectively spaced at respective sensor locations alongat least one transverse width of such materials substantiallyperpendicular to at least one longitudinal axis of such structure;operably coupling outputs of such at least one third plurality ofsensors with such at least one controller; wherein each respectivesensor of such at least one third plurality of sensors is essentiallyadapted to measure respective relative inclination at a respectivesensor location along such at least one transverse width; wherein eachsuch sensor of such at least one third plurality of sensors essentiallyoutputs information in relation to such transverse relative inclinationsin respective portions of such structure to such at least onecontroller; wherein such dynamic support action by such at least onecontroller comprises minimizing of such transverse relativeinclinations; wherein deflections in such materials of such transverserespective portions may be controlled; and wherein such at least oneaction system structured and arranged to perform such transverse dynamicsupport action. Further, it provides such a method further comprisingthe step of connecting essentially each of such first plurality ofsensors, such second plurality of sensors, and such position sensor tosuch at least one control system by at least one network having at leastone network protocol. In accordance with another preferred embodimenthereof, this invention provides an apparatus, relating to monitoringdeflections of materials of at least one large, floating, elongated drydock, comprising: at least one first plurality of sensors associatedwith such materials and respectively spaced at respective sensorlocations along at least one first length of such materialssubstantially parallel to at least one longitudinal axis of suchstructure; and at least one monitor adapted to make indicationsresponsive to outputs of such at least one first plurality of sensors;wherein each respective sensor of such at least one first plurality ofsensors is essentially adapted to measure respective relativeinclination at a respective sensor location along such at least onefirst length of such materials; wherein such each such sensoressentially provides information in relation to relative inclinations inrespective portions of such structure to such at least one monitor; andwherein deflections in such materials of such respective portions may bemonitored. In addition, this invention provides each and every novelfeature, element, combination, step and/or method disclosed or suggestedby this patent application.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 shows an overall schematic diagram, illustrating a Digital SensorDeflection Monitor adapted to monitor structural deflections within alarge, dynamically-supported, elongated floatable structure, accordingto a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram, illustrating a preferred longitudinaldistribution of sensor units within a floating dry dock, according to apreferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 shows a schematic structural diagram, of preferred placements ofsensor units within the floating dry dock, according to the preferredinstallation of FIG. 1.

FIG. 4 shows a diagrammatic illustration, of preferred circuitingarrangements of a single sensor unit, according to a preferredembodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 shows a schematic illustration, of simplified calculations forfive digital inclinometer-based sensors mounted along a single wing wallof floating the dry dock, according to a preferred embodiment of thepresent invention.

FIG. 6 shows a schematic illustration, of simplified calculations for asingle axis five digital inclinometer-based sensors mounted along a wingwall of a dry dock, according to a preferred embodiment of the presentinvention.

FIG. 7 shows a schematic illustration, of sensors are placed linearlyalong a calculated centerline and deflection measured at 3 selectedpoints along a wing wall of the floating dry dock, according to apreferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 shows an overall schematic diagram, illustrating an AutomatedDock Operating Controller, according to a preferred embodiment of thepresent invention.

FIG. 9 shows a flow diagram depicting the preferred steps of a method ofretrofitting large, dynamically-supported, elongated structures toprovide enhanced control of deflections of materials, according to apreferred method of the present invention.

FIG. 10 shows a flow diagram depicting the preferred steps of a methodof installing at least one of the preferred embodiments of the presentinvention within a large, dynamically-supported, elongated structure.

FIG. 11 shows a diagram illustrating a graphical user interface of theAutomated Dock Operating Controller, graphically depicting the overallphysical status of a monitored dry dock, according to the preferredembodiment of FIG. 8.

FIG. 12 shows a diagram illustrating a graphical user interface of theAutomated Dock Operating Controller, depicting hog, sag, trim, heel, andtrend data of the monitored dry dock, according to the preferredembodiment of FIG. 8.

FIG. 13 shows a diagram illustrating a graphical user interface of theAutomated Dock Operating Controller, depicting a summary of list, trim,and deflection of the monitored dry dock, according to the preferredembodiment of FIG. 8.

FIG. 14 shows a diagram illustrating a graphical user interface of theAutomated Dock Operating Controller, depicting longitudinal andtransverse deflection of the monitored dry dock, according to thepreferred embodiment of FIG. 8.

FIG. 15 shows a diagram illustrating a graphical user interface of theAutomated Dock Operating Controller, depicting the status of the ballasttanks of the monitored dry dock, according to the preferred embodimentof FIG. 8.

FIG. 16 shows a diagram illustrating a graphical user interface of theAutomated Dock Operating Controller, depicting the status of the ballastpumps of the monitored dry dock, according to the preferred embodimentof FIG. 8.

FIG. 17 shows a diagram illustrating a graphical user interface of theAutomated Dock Operating Controller, depicting evolution historicaldraft trends of the monitored dry dock, according to the preferredembodiment of FIG. 8.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE BEST MODES AND PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS OF THEINVENTION

FIG. 1 shows an overall schematic diagram illustrating Digital SensorDeflection Monitor 102 for substantially continuously measuring multipletypes of structural deflections within a large, dynamically-supported,elongated floatable structure 50. FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagramillustrating a preferred longitudinal distributed of sensor units withina floating dry dock 105, according to a preferred embodiment of thepresent invention.

Digital Sensor Deflection Monitor 102, hereinafter referred to as DSDM102 preferably uses an arrangement of solid state sensor units 110mounted at various monitoring points throughout the elongated floatablestructure 50. In a highly preferred application of the technology, DSDM102 is preferably used to monitor structural deflections within floatingdry dock 105, as shown.

DSDM 102 is a preferred embodiment of floating dock deflectionmanagement system 100, which preferably comprises additional preferredsystem embodiments, preferably including embodiments capable of overallautomated operation and control. The key goals of the preferredembodiments of floating dock deflection management system 100 are toincrease operations efficiency and to provide safe and accurate controlof such large floatable structures.

Floating dry docks, such as floating dry dock 105, are an importantclass of such large, dynamically-supported, elongated floatablestructures. Floating dry docks are typically made of steel and have anarrangement of air-tight “ballast tanks” that allow the dry-dock to besubmerged so that a ship or marine vessel can drive into it and then bepicked up so that it is above the waterline, on a dry deck, for repairand/or maintenance. Simply stated, the ballast tanks are flooded with aflowable ballast substance (most preferably the seawater in which thedock resides) when the dock is lowered and that same ballast water ispumped out to lift the dock structure in the upward direction. Thismodulation of buoyancy must be carried out in a controlled manner toavoid failure of the dock structure.

Floating dry docks are inherently stiff and excessive stress(deflection) during operation can cause the vessel to break. Dry dockscan become unsafe when operated poorly. Depending on the loading orunloading of the ballast tanks, the dry dock can bend. If bendingtolerances of the materials are exceeded, the dry docks can suffer acatastrophic failure. This bending of the dry dock is known asdeflection.

Floating dry dock 105 comprises a longitudinal axis 101 extendingthrough the midline of the structure, as shown. A typical preferredconfiguration of floating dry dock 105 comprises a generally “U” shapedcross-section, as shown, the dock structure preferably comprising a dockfloor 111 spanning between two wing walls 103, as shown in FIG. 2. Wingwalls 103 (inclusive of starboard wing wall 103A and port wing wall103B) are preferably oriented generally parallel with the longitudinalaxis 101 and extend continuously along a longitudinal length L of thedock, as shown. The dock floor 111 supports the weight of the dry-dockedvessel and the wing walls 103 are used, in part, to give the floatingdry dock 105 stability when dock floor 111 is submerged.

A preferred embodiment of DSDM 102 is adapted to function as astand-alone monitoring system, preferably providing computer-assistedmonitoring and reporting of a vessel's structural performance. Alternatepreferred embodiments of DSDM 102 are adapted to be operable with one ormore comprehensive dock operations and control systems, as generallydescribed in FIG. 8. The primary preferred function of DSDM 102 is toprovide information to safely operate floating dry dock 105 withoutover-stressing the materials of the dock structure.

In the simplest preferred embodiment of DSDM 102, measurements of the“hog” (upwards longitudinal deflection), and “sag” (downwardslongitudinal deflection) are provided. In addition to the hog and sagreadings, the basic system is preferably capable of providing severaltypes of bend, flex, stress, and angular information about the dockstructure, which are not conventionally available to the operator offloating dry dock 105. Also included in this preferred array ofinformation is data that can be used to calculate strain within the wingwalls 103 during haul-in and haul-out of the vessel to be repaired.

DSDM 102 is preferably organized around multiple sensor units 110,central data analysis module 114, and one or more networkedcommunication links 116 interconnecting the array of sensor units 110 tocentral data analysis module 114, as shown. Central data analysis module114 (at least embodying herein at least one controller) preferablycomprises a computer processor that preferably creates a virtual “map”of the dry-dock structure using data from the plurality of sensor units110. The deflection (bend) within the structure of floating dry dock 105is preferably calculated by central data analysis module 114 to allowimmediate determinations of structural status. Central data analysismodule 114 is preferably adapted to communicate immediate andclearly-discernible indications of dock status, preferably responsive tothe outputs of sensor units 110. Preferred embodiments of central dataanalysis module 114 comprise one or more alarm features functioning toalert the dock operator of an approaching maximum structural orpositional limit, and to provide an alarm when such a limit has beenexceeded.

As a stand-alone system DSDM 102 preferably provides monitoring dataessential to safe, automated dock evolutions and dock operations.Preferably, central data analysis module 114 is scalable to expand thesystem's basic monitoring functions to include active control of theballast control system 60 within floating dry dock 105 (as furtherdescribed in FIG. 8). In this alternate preferred embodiment of DSDM102, central data analysis module 114 is preferably configured to takedynamic support action responsive to outputs of sensor units 110. Morespecifically, alternate preferred embodiments of DSDM 102 are preferablydesigned to provide essentially automatic deflection compensation byactively controlling the pumps, valves, and related components ofballast control system 60 (at least embodying herein wherein such atleast one controller is structured and arranged to take dynamic supportaction responsive to outputs of such at least one first set of sensors).

Each sensor unit 110 is preferably associated with materials within adiscrete region of the structure. Each sensor unit 110 is essentiallyadapted to measure respective relative inclination at a respectivesensor location along the longitudinal length L the structure. A set ofsensors units 110 (at least embodying herein at least one first set ofsensors) are preferably mounted at measured locations along longitudinallength L of the structure, preferably along at least one of the two wingwalls 103 (at least embodying herein wherein such at least one first setof sensors associated with such materials are respectively spaced atrespective sensor locations along at least one first length of suchmaterials substantially parallel to at least one longitudinal axis ofsuch structure). More preferably, sensors units 110 are mounted atmeasured locations along both of the two wing walls 103, as shown. Atleast one additional sensor unit 110 (identified in FIG. 1 as sensor K1and central reference sensor 107 in FIG. 2) is preferably mountedadjacent longitudinal axis 101 (over the keel), preferably as close tothe middle of the dock as possible.

To monitor the structure of both wing walls 103, the set of sensor units110 are preferably arranged into a first plurality of sensor units,preferably identified as starboard sensor units 110A, and a secondplurality of sensor units identified as port sensor units 110B.Starboard sensor units 110A are preferably spaced at respective sensorlocations along a first sub-length L1 of starboard wing wall 103A, asshown. Port sensor units 110B are preferably spaced at respective sensorlocations along a second sub-length L2 of port wing wall 103B, as shown.Both first sub-length L1 and second sub-length L2 are preferably alignedsubstantially parallel to longitudinal axis 101, as shown.

A typical installation of DSDM 102 will preferably includes additionalstarboard sensor units 110A and port sensor units 110B, as generallynecessitated by the wing wall length, organization of the underlyingstructures, etc. In general, monitoring by DSDM 102 is optimized bymounting a sensor unit 110 at the junction of every other ballast tank109 (see FIG. 3) along each wing wall 103. In floating dry docks havingboth an extended longitudinal length and proportionately largetransverse width, additional lines of sensor units 110, extendinggenerally perpendicular to longitudinal axis 101, are preferably used toprovide a third sensor array measuring transverse deflection across dockfloor 111 (in the least embodying herein at least one third plurality ofsensors associated with such materials and respectively spaced atrespective sensor locations along at least one transverse width of suchmaterials substantially perpendicular to at least one longitudinal axisof such structure).

A single central reference sensor 107 (position sensor K1) is preferablymounted midships (also known as amidships, which is defined as in ortoward the part of a ship midway between bow and stern; or in or towardthe middle), preferably along the keel line of floating dry dock 105,preferably as close to the middle of the dock floor 111 as possible.Central reference sensor 107 (at least embodying herein at least oneposition sensor located midships of such elongated floatable structure),preferably provides important reference data required to complete thepreferred deflection calculations performed by data analysis module 114.More specifically, central reference sensor 107 essentially providesreference data indicating position of elongated floatable structure 50with respect to the horizon. Central reference sensor 107 is preferablyused to determine whether the overall front to the back tilt of floatingdry dock 105 is the same as that calculated, or whether a portion of thedock is actually bending more than expected. When central referencesensor 107 is used, the actual deflection can be determined with greataccuracy.

The sensing elements within sensor units 110 are preferablysubstantially electronic (with no moving parts). Each sensor unit 110preferably comprises a small electronic inclinometer 112 (see FIG. 4),preferably comprising a very sensitive digital biaxial (dual axis)clinometer. Preferably, each electronic inclinometer 112 is designed tomeasure angular position, preferably rotation in two orthogonal verticalplanes with respect to vertical gravity vector. A preferred electronicinclinometer apparatus suitable for use with sensor unit 110 includesModel 900 Biaxial Clinometers produced by Applied Geomechanics Inc. ofSanta Cruz, Calif. U.S.A. The Model 900 Biaxial Clinometers utilize anon-conductive vial partially filled with a conductive liquid. When thesensor is level, the fluid covers a plurality of internal electrodes toan equal depth. When the sensor tilts, the depth of the fluid over eachelectrode changes, altering the electrical resistance between matchedpairs of electrodes. The onboard electronics of the sensor measure thesechanges, converting them to DC outputs proportional to the tilt angle(at least embodying herein at least one inclination transducer adaptedto provide at least one electrical output proportioned as to the angularvariation from gravity vector). Since the preferred electronicinclinometer 112 are not based on optical technology, DSDM 102 does notrequire line-of-sight or clear weather to operate.

The preferred electronic inclinometers 112 are extremely accuratesensors, capable of measuring within micro-radians across both axes.Utilizing the above-noted electronic inclinometers 112, DSDM 102 iscapable of providing readings that are accurate to about 2 millimetersover a 100-meter dock.

Preferably, each electronic inclinometer 112 is rigidly mounted within aprotective enclosure housing 113, which in turn is rigidly mounted to astructural member of floating dry dock 105. This enables each electronicinclinometer 112 to move in concert with the underlying material of thestructure (at least embodying herein wherein such at least one first setof sensors is associated with such materials).

Preferably, each sensor unit 110 provides the data analysis computerwith two axes of measurement; the y-axis is longitudinal along thelength of the dock (trim angle—from forward to aft) and the x-axis ismeasuring laterally across the dock (list angle—from port to starboard).Each sensor unit 110 positioned within the structure returns the listand trim angle at the specific point of attachment. Once mounted, eachelectronic inclinometer 112 returns a high precision reading of bothlist and trim angle at the mounting location. Preferably, for maximumsystem performance, one sensor unit 110 is preferably mounted at eachsupporting structural beam 52 separating ballast tanks 109 within wingwalls 103, as best illustrated in FIG. 3. If this preferred arrangementis not feasible, sensor units 110 are alternately preferably placedbetween every other ballast tank 109. If this preferred arrangement isnot feasible, sensor units 110 are alternately preferably mounted to astable element as close to a supporting structural beam separatingballast tanks 109 as possible.

Preferably, sensor units 110 are securely mounted onto the structuralbeams such that their respective enclosure housings 113 are mountedsubstantially level (preferably within about 2 degrees) in relation toeach other and to the normal zero position of the keel of floating drydock 105. In a preferred method of mounting, one side of closure housingis aligned with the keel of floating dry dock 105 before being surfacemounted to the structural member. Enclosure housing 113 preferablycomprises a surface mounted NEMA-type metal enclosure, preferably ratedfor use in harsh environments.

FIG. 4 shows a diagrammatic illustration of preferred circuitingarrangements of a single sensor unit 110, including circuitingsupporting network communication link 116 with central data analysismodule 114. Preferably, the analog voltage output from electronicinclinometer 112 is applied to at least one sensor-signal convertercircuit, preferably comprising analog-to-digital converter (ADC) 118, asshown. Preferably, ADC 118 converts the analog signal to a digitalrepresentation. ADC 118 preferably comprises a minimum 8-bit resolutionproducing an RS-232 (Recommended Standard 232) serial binary datasignal. The circuit may preferably comprise secondary support circuits,of types well known to those of ordinary skill in the art, such asreference voltage circuits, signal filtering circuits, bufferingcircuits, etc., as may be required to support the analog to digitalconversion process.

The serial data output from ADC 118 is subsequently conformed to atleast one standard network communication protocol. In a highly preferredembodiment, Ethernet communication protocol is utilized. Sensor unit 110preferably comprises network interface hardware 120 allowing the serialdata stream from ADC 118 to be transmitted to central data analysismodule 114 via networked communication link 116, as shown. Networkinterface 120 preferably comprises at least one RS232 to Ethernetinterface device. Networked communication link 116 preferably implementsthe Internet protocol suite (commonly referred to as TCP/IP), preferablyutilizing fixed IP (Internet Protocol) addresses for all networkdevices; thus, it is preferred that each network interface 120 bestructured and arranged to support a fixed IP address for its respectivesensor unit 110. It is noted that preferred embodiments of sensor unit110 combine ADC 118 and network interface 120 into a single unifieddevice.

The preferred architecture of networked communication link 116preferably comprises industry standard 10BaseT Ethernet, preferablyusing standard Category 5 or alternately preferably Category 6 wirethroughout. In a preferred network organization, the network connectionsfor individual sensor units 110 are routed to an intermediate networkcollector node 122 located centrally within respective wing walls 103,as shown. Each network collector node 122 preferably comprises anEthernet switch, most preferably, at least one power-over-Ethernetprotocol switch, preferably adapted to provide operating electricalpower to the plurality of distal sensor units 110 (at least embodyingherein at least one power-over-Ethernet protocol switch structured andarranged to provide electrical power to such at least one firstplurality of inclinometer sensors and such at least one second pluralityof inclinometer sensors and such at least one position inclinometersensor). Each network collector node 122 is preferably of a typehardened for industrial applications.

Network communication link 116 preferably comprises a dedicated localnetwork (having no external links); however, one advantage provided bythe preferred use of standard network protocols is the ability toinexpensively retrofit existing vessels by utilizing existing networkinfrastructure. For example, a preferred installation may preferablyutilize an existing Ethernet-based camera system or equivalent datanetwork. Upon reading the teachings of this specification, those ofordinary skill in the art will now understand that, under appropriatecircumstances, considering such issues as user preference, intended use,etc., other hardware/software arrangements, such as the use ofadditional network interfaces, multiple redundant networkconfigurations, access to an external enterprise system of the dock'sowner/operator, internet connections supporting remote monitoring ordata logging, etc., may suffice.

Preferably, network communication link 116 enables the acquisition ofsensor data from the plurality of sensor units 110 by central dataanalysis module 114 in “real time” (at least embodying herein whereinsuch at least one controller further comprises at least onesensor-signal collector circuit adapted to attach to such at least onefirst plurality of inclinometer sensors and such at least one secondplurality of inclinometer sensors and such at least one positioninclinometer sensor). Preferably, central data analysis module 114compares the list angle and trim angle information from each of sensorunits 110 and uses geometrical algorithms to create a virtual “map” ofthe wing walls 103, which closely matches the current state of thesensors and underlying structure of the dock. The deflection (bend) ofthe sections of floating dry dock 105 between sensor units 110 can beextrapolated by these calculations essentially in “real time”.Preferably, the overall shape of the monitored wing walls 103, andphysical location of any position along the wing walls 103 (relative toany other) is determined by central data analysis module 114 using suchmathematical algorithms.

FIG. 5 shows a schematic illustration, of simplified calculations forfive digital inclinometer-based sensors mounted along a single wing wall103 of floating dry dock 105, according to a preferred embodiment of thepresent invention. FIG. 5 shows only simplified (and much exaggerated)calculations derived from data associated with a single line of 5 sensorunits 110 mounted axially along wing wall 103. It is noted that, withdata from additional sensor units 110 located within both wing walls 103and data from a central reference sensor 107 located in the approximatecenter of the dock, the calculations and resulting map will besubstantially more complex than is shown in FIG. 5.

FIG. 6 shows a schematic illustration, of calculations derived from asimilar plurality of sensor units 110, which are placed linearly along acalculated centerline, with deflection measured at three standard-pointsA, B, C along a single wing wall 103 of floating dry dock 105, accordingto a preferred embodiment of the present invention. In this example,data from central reference sensor 107 (associated with thesubstantially horizontal baseline 115) is preferably used to determinewhether the overall tilt of dry dock 100 is the same as that calculatedfrom the front to the back, or whether a portion of the dock is actuallybending more than expected.

FIG. 7 shows a second simplified and overtly exaggerated graphicalrepresentation of the preferred calculations used in FIG. 6. Preferably,the preferred calculations are then referenced to central referencesensor 107 (baseline 115) and split along the selected points for legacyreporting, as shown. In addition to the legacy data, additionalinformation (such as “point of greatest deflection”) is generated andreported. With the precision level of the preferred electronicinclinometers 112, the deflection distance accuracy at midpoint betweentwo sensor units 110 mounted about 20 meters apart is theoreticallyabout 0.05 millimeters. In actual use, sensor units 110 are damped toprovide readings accurate to about 1 millimeter over that distance. DSDM102 preferably provides information which is arranged into overall,wing-wall specific, and cross section specific groupings. The followingis a partial list of preferred data items available in essentially “realtime” from DSDM 102.

Dock Overall Deflection Information:

-   -   Trim and List    -   Tilt Direction and Angle    -   Longitudinal Deflection (Hog/Sag)    -   Longitudinal & Transverse Skew (Twist)    -   Longitudinal Linearity    -   Transverse Deflection (wall toe-in/out)    -   Transverse Squareness (wall/keel trim)        Wing Wall Specific Information:    -   Wall Trim    -   Wall Deflection and Skew    -   Sectional Deflection    -   Greatest Deflection Point    -   Longitudinal Deflection (Hog/Sag)        Cross Section (Fwd/Mid/Aft) Information:    -   Sectional List    -   Transverse Deflection    -   Transverse Skew    -   Transverse Squareness

Real time deflection monitoring within DSDM 102 is preferablyimplemented by executing one or more monitoring programs within aphysical processor of central data analysis module 114. Central dataanalysis module 114 preferably comprises at least one general purposecomputer platform. Preferably, the computer contains a centralprocessing unit (CPU) and associated circuitry, memory, and a variety ofinput/output (I/O) devices to provide a communication interface withnetwork communication link 116, as shown. Alternate preferredembodiments of central data analysis module 114 comprise at least onecomputer/user interface to allow for user interaction. Such I/O devicespreferably comprise devices of the sort well known in the art. Forexample, preferred embodiments of central data analysis module 114preferably comprise a display screen or monitor, keyboard, mouse, etc.Preferably, the memory stores monitoring program (or programs) of DSDM102 that are executed to enable the preferred monitoring methods andprocesses described herein. Preferably, when the preferred computingplatform of DSDM 102 executes such a program, it becomes aspecial-purpose device and thus an integral portion of DSDM 102. Uponreading the teachings of this specification, those of ordinary skill inthe art will now understand that, under appropriate circumstances,considering such issues as user preference, intended use, etc., otherhardware/software arrangements, such as the use of additional networkinterfaces, wireless network communication, network firewalls, internetconnections, security encryptions, data-logging capabilities, etc., maysuffice.

Central data analysis module 114 is preferably adapted to communicateimmediate and clearly-discernible indications of dock status, preferablyresponsive to the outputs of sensor units 110. Preferred embodiments ofcentral data analysis module 114 comprise one or more alarm featuresfunctioning to alert the dock operator of an approaching maximumstructural or positional limit, and to provide an alarm when such alimit has been exceeded.

As a stand-alone system DSDM 102 preferably provides monitoring dataessential to safe, automated dock evolutions and dock operations.Preferably, central data analysis module 114 is scalable to expand thesystem's basic monitoring functions to include full dock operations andcontrol capabilities, as described in FIG. 8.

FIG. 8 shows an overall schematic diagram illustrating Automated DockOperating Controller 104, hereinafter referred to as ADOC 104, accordingto a preferred embodiment of the present invention. ADOC 104 preferablyexpands the inclinometer-based monitoring of DSDM 102 to includeautomated dock operations and control functions. ADOC 104 preferablyprovides automated ballast control and deflection compensation, withinfloating dry dock 105, including during dock sinking or raising(evolution) operations. ADOC 104 preferably takes dynamic support actionto minimize relative inclinations within the dry dock structure (atleast embodying herein wherein such dynamic support action by such atleast one controller comprises minimizing of such relativeinclinations). Such preferred dynamic action preferably includesactuation of valves 134 and ballast pumps 128 to fill and evacuateballast tanks 109, as described below.

ADOC 104 comprises, in addition to the hardware of DSDM 102, proprietarySupervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) software 142,Programmable Automation Controller (PAC) 130 and supervisory controlinterface 132, as shown. PAC 130 preferably provides input/outputapparatus supporting both data acquisition and hardware control ofcritical field devices of floating dry dock 105. Such data acquisitionand hardware controls preferably include monitoring and control ofballast pumps 128, feedback and actuators for tank valves 134, ballasttank level sensors 136, etc. More specifically, PAC 130 (at leastembodying herein at least one action system structured and arranged toperform such dynamic support action) preferably comprises pumping-systeminterface 54 to interface with ballast pumping system 56 of floating drydock 105, ballast-valving interface 58 to interface with ballast-valvingsystem 62 of floating dry dock 105, and a plurality of ballast tanklevel sensors 136 to measure the ballast liquid contained withinrespective ballast tanks 109 of floating dry dock 105. In addition, PAC130 may preferably comprise a plurality of tank pressure sensors tomonitor the pressure within individual ballast tanks 109.

Pumping-system interface 54 is preferably configured to assists thecontrolled pumping the flowable ballast substance (seawater) by ballastpumps 128. In a preferred arrangement of the system, pumping-systeminterface 54 is operably coupled to the relay outputs of ballast pumps128. Ballast-valving interface 58 enables the seawater to be selectivelydirected into or out of individual ballast tanks 109. In a preferredarrangement of the system, ballast-valving interface 58 is preferablycoupled to the valve actuators and feedback circuits of ballast-valvingsystem 62. The plurality of ballast tank level sensors 136 is structuredand arranged to assist monitoring of the movement of the seawater in andout of selected ballast tanks 109 among the plurality of ballast tanks109. Upon reading this specification, those with ordinary skill in theart will now appreciate that, under appropriate circumstances,considering such issues as cost, user preference, etc., othersensor/control arrangements such as, for example, pump temperaturesensors, line-pressure sensors, redundant sensor arrays, automaticshutdown apparatus, remote alarm apparatus etc., may suffice.

Supervisory control interface 132 preferably expands central dataanalysis module 114 to include a full user interface, preferablycomprising display screen or monitor 137, keyboard 138, mouse 140, etc.In a preferred embodiment of supervisory control interface 132, monitor137 comprises at least one 20″ LCD Display for maximum operatorefficiency. Supervisory control interface 132 is preferably adapted toallow the operator to enable or disable alarms, ballast control, etc.,even when floating dry dock 105 is not transferring.

ADOC 104 preferably operates under proprietary Supervisory Control andData Acquisition (SCADA) software 142. Such software preferably runs oncentral data analysis module 114. PAC 130 is preferably integrated withcentral data analysis module 114 such that operational data generated bySCADA software 142 is passed to hardware-specific software runningwithin PAC 130. Using PAC 130, ADOC 104 is preferably able to implementthe necessary adjustments required to safely and accurately raise orlower floating dry dock 105 (at least embodying herein wherein such atleast one controller comprises at least one computer processorstructured and arranged to respond to deflection information of suchsensors and control such action system to minimize any deflections;wherein each such sensor essentially provides information in relation torelative inclinations in respective portions of such structure to suchat least one controller; wherein such dynamic support action taken bysuch at least one controller comprises minimizing of such relativeinclinations; and wherein deflections in such materials of suchrespective portions may be controlled).

Preferably, SCADA software 142 operates within at least one computeroperating system software environment, preferably a Microsoft Windowsplatform. The software graphical user interface of SCADA software 142 ispreferably adapted to be intuitive and easy to operate, as generallyillustrated in the graphical user interface diagrams of FIG. 11 throughFIG. 17. The operator needs only to understand the purpose and functionof the dock itself to operate ADOC 104.

SCADA software 142 enables central data analysis module 114 to comparethe list and trim information from each of sensor units 110 to create avirtual “map” of the wing walls 103 that closely matches the currentstate of the structures. The deflection (bend) of the sections offloating dry dock 105 between sensor units 110 can be extrapolated bythese calculations essentially in “real time”. Preferably, the overallshape of the monitored wing walls 103 and physical location of anyposition along the wing walls 103 (relative to any other) is determinedby central data analysis module 114 using mathematical algorithms. SCADAsoftware 142 preferably gathers and processes the incoming sensor datafor relative inclinations in respective portions of the structure (atleast embodying herein wherein each such sensor essentially providesinformation in relation to relative inclinations in respective portionsof such structure to such at least one controller; wherein such dynamicsupport action taken by such at least one controller comprisesminimizing of such relative inclinations; and wherein deflections insuch materials of such respective portions may be controlled). SCADAsoftware 142 is preferably adapted to filter the incoming sensor data toaccommodate normal pitch and roll experienced by the dry dock due towave action.

Preferably, ADOC 104 comprises a built-in, multi-level, securitypreferably comprising individual user IDs and passwords. Users canpreferably be assigned abilities ranging from monitoring only tooperational control, to full developmental capabilities, depending onthe security requirements of the intended application.

Preferably, ADOC 104 substantially continuously monitors the status offloating dry dock 105. ADOC 104 is preferably capable of performingsystem event logging. Preferably, during a raising or loweringtransition all statuses and raw data values are preferably logged toallow review of any parameter for historical or maintenance purposes.This information is preferably saved into a standard format capable ofbeing accessed not only through central data analysis module 114, butalso through outputs of a standard spreadsheet program.

ADOC 104 is preferably designed with safety as a primary goal. This ispreferably accomplished through at least one checklist procedure codedwithin SCADA software 142. Preferably, the checklist procedure requiresa dock master to enter all pertinent vessel data, and the operator toverify operational status of important essential pieces of equipmentprior to any raise/lower transition. Preferably, all of the systeminformation must be entered and checked, before the operator can startthe event. In order to begin an automated transition (raising orlowering the dock) the operator is preferably required by SCADA software142 to enter data relating to the current dock configuration. If thechecklist is not complete, the dock control system will not run.

ADOC 104 is preferably designed to monitor the status of a transitionand react preemptively to any value that is moving in anoff-specification direction. In addition, the alarming functionality ispreferably designed to warn the operator of any item that is potentiallya problem and can preferably suggest appropriate operational responses.

ADOC 104 is preferably designed to operate safely even if a portion ofthe plurality of sensor units 110 fails (preferably through the use ofpredictive control sequences and algorithms). Preferably, if needed, theoperator can choose to disable the automatic control of ADOC 104 andmanually operate all pumps and valves within the control of ADOC 104.This preferred level of flexibility provides a back-up should acatastrophic event occur. If the operator chooses to do so, he or shecan preferably disable the automatic controls of the dry dock, andmanually control individual or all of the pumps and valves through oneor more of the graphical interfaces depicted in FIG. 11 through FIG. 17.Once a valve has been selected, the operator can preferably input avalue of 0% to 100% into the value indicator window, and ballast-valvinginterface 58 will adjust valve will move to that position. To turn onand off a ballast pump 128, the operator can select the pump he/shewishes to manually control, and then with the mouse, click into theOn/Off field.

ADOC 104 is preferably designed to fully employ system redundancy.Preferred subsystems ranging from operator interface computer of centraldata analysis module 114, through the industrial logic controllers ofPAC 130, to sensors units 110, and substantially all other intermediatesubcomponents can be operated in a redundant fashion. Preferredembodiments of ADOC 104 further comprise a redundant operator Interfacestructured and arranged to provide a second supervisory controlinterface 132 with substantially the same information and screens as theprimary unit, thus allowing substantially greater flexibility for theoperator. In addition, any operator display can preferably be selectedas the primary for the purposes of data archival.

FIG. 9 shows a flow diagram depicting the preferred steps of method 200for the retrofitting of large, dynamically-supported, elongatedstructures 50 to provide enhanced control of deflections of materials,according to a preferred method of floating dock deflection managementsystem 100. Preferably, the majority of the hardware within DSDM 102 isdesigned to interface to most existing (conventional) dock controls offloating dry dock 105. In the preferred steps of method 200 of thepresent invention, a first set of existing sensors (such aselevation-based sensors) are preferably decommissioned and replaced withsmall electronic inclinometer 112 (at least embodying herein providing asecond set of sensors to replace such first set of sensors whereinessentially each of such second set of sensors comprises a more directmeasurement of inclination than essentially each of such first set ofsensors). Preferably, the plurality of electronic inclinometers 112 arealigned with the existing controls, either through analog dataconnections, or digital data connections, as appropriate. In preferredretrofit installations of method 200, electronic inclinometers 112preferably comprise subcomponents of the above-described sensory units110. The versatility of such sensory units 110 allows existingcontrollers to be used for monitoring or control of deflection, inessentially an unmodified form.

Thus, in accordance with method 200, there is an initial preferred step202 of providing a set of replacement electronic inclinometers 112 toreplace the above-noted existing first set of sensors, whereinessentially each of the electronic inclinometers 112 (see FIG. 4)preferably comprises a very sensitive digital biaxial (dual axis)clinometer to provide a more direct measurement of inclination thanessentially each of the original sensors. In subsequent preferred step204, the set of replacement sensor units 110 are installed within thedock structure. In preferred step 204, the original sensors may bedecommissioned and abandoned in place or completely removed prior to thenew installation. Next, as indicated in preferred step 206, theelectronic inclinometers 112 are operably coupled to an existingcontroller of the dock. Upon reading this specification, those withordinary skill in the art will now appreciate that, under appropriatecircumstances, considering such issues as dock configuration, datainterface, etc., other retrofitting arrangements such as, for example,providing dock specific mounting devices, new electrical wiring, newdata-network infrastructure, etc., may suffice.

FIG. 10 shows a flow diagram depicting the preferred steps of method 300of installing at least one of the above-described preferred embodimentsof the present invention within a large, dynamically-supported,elongated structure 50. In the initial preferred step 302 of method 300,at least one first set of sensor units 110 is associated with thestructural materials of the dock by mounting individual sensor unitsalong the length of the structure. Next, at least one controller (ADOC104), adapted to take dynamic support action responsive to outputs ofsensor units 110, is preferably installed within elongated floatablestructure 50, as indicated in preferred step 304. Next, at least oneaction system (PAC 130) structured and arranged to perform such dynamicsupport action is preferably installed within elongated floatablestructure 50, as indicated in preferred step 306.

In addition, method 300 preferably comprises the preferred step 308 ofidentifying within the overall length of elongated floatable structure50, at least one first sub-length L1 and at least one second sub-lengthL2, preferably associated with starboard wing wall 103A and port wingwall 103B respectively. Within step 308, the first set of sensor units110 are preferably distributed between starboard wing wall 103A and portwing wall 103B to form a first plurality of sensors and a secondplurality of sensors. Next, as indicated in preferred step 310, at leastone position sensor (central reference sensor 107) is preferably locatedmidships of elongated floatable structure 50 and coupled to ADOC 104.Next, as indicated in preferred step 312, information from sensor units110, including central reference sensor 107, are preferably merged atcentral data analysis module 114 of ADOC 104. ADOC 104 preferably usesthe sensor data to determines at least one action, implemented by PAC130, to essentially assists the dock structure to seek to remain in suchessentially a horizontal plane.

In addition, method 300 preferably comprises the preferred step 314 ofproviding within PAC 130, pumping-system interface 54, ballast-valvinginterface 58, and ballast tank level sensors 136. In addition, method300 preferably comprises the preferred step 316 of connectingessentially each sensor unit 110 to ADOC 104 using at least one networkhaving at least one network protocol.

FIG. 11 shows a diagram illustrating graphical user interface 400 ofADOC 104, graphically depicting the overall physical status of amonitored floating dry dock 105, according to the preferred embodimentof FIG. 8. The software graphical user interface of SCADA software 142is preferably accessed through supervisory control interface 132,preferably comprising monitor 137, keyboard 138, mouse 140, etc., asshown in FIG. 8. Graphical user interface 400 is preferably displayed onmonitor 137, or similar display device. The basic graphical userinterface 400 is preferably divided into checklist window 402,draft/valve/tanks/pump status window 404, small hog/sag/trim/heel statuswindow 406, and menu bar 408, as shown. Graphical user interface 400preferably allows the operator to access any of the information that isrequired (at any time) using menu bar 408, along the bottom of thescreen. The screens of graphical user interface 400 are preferablydisplayed in a single window format or a split window format. Pop-upwindows are also preferably used as needed.

Small hog/sag/trim/heel status window 406 preferably allows the operatorto view the same information that is available on the main Hog, Sag,Heel, and Trim graphic overview screen of FIG. 12, in a smaller format,while viewing other screens during the operation of floating dry dock105.

Menu bar 408 is preferably divided into individual buttons used toaccess security windows, drafts visual windows, tanks visual windows,valves visual windows, pumps windows, manual control windows, set-pointwindows, history log windows, prints the active screen function, and areturn to the main dock control screen of FIG. 11. The security screenis used to log users in and out of the system. Names and encryptedpasswords are stored in a text file located on the hard drive of centraldata analysis module 114. All “Log-On” and “Log-Off” activities arepreferably recorded in a historical event data log.

FIG. 12 shows a diagram illustrating a graphical user interface 402 ofADOC 104, graphically depicting hog, sag, trim, heel, and trend data ofthe monitored dry dock, according to the preferred embodiment of FIG. 8.This window preferably shows data assisting the operator monitor thestatus of the dock structures during the raising or lowering of thedock. This window is typically used while the drydock transfer operationis in progress. Hog/Sag Indicators preferably show the current Hog orSag values for each side of the dock. The color of the text (Green orRed) is preferably used to indicate whether the values are withindetermined tolerances. A Hog/Sag display show the Hog and Sag(exaggerated for viewing) in a graphical format. Like the valueindicators above them, the text preferably changes color based on thealarm status. A draft Indicator preferably indicates the average draftof the dock based on the six draft sensors. A trim display preferablyindicates, both graphically and textually, the current trim of the dock.In addition, the angle of trim (degrees) is shown with the setpoint(target) trim that is set prior to a docking event. A heel displaypreferably displays the heel of the dock in both graphical and textualformats.

FIG. 13 shows a diagram illustrating graphical user interface 404 ofADOC 104, depicting a summary of list, trim, and deflection of themonitored dry dock, according to the preferred embodiment of FIG. 8.Graphical user interface 404 preferably displays the list, trim, anddeflection data in both graphical and textual formats, as shown. FIG. 14shows a diagram illustrating graphical user interface 406 of ADOC 104,depicting longitudinal and transverse deflection of the monitored drydock, according to the preferred embodiment of FIG. 8. Graphical userinterface 406 preferably displays the longitudinal and transversedeflection data in both graphical and textual formats, as shown.

FIG. 15 shows a diagram illustrating graphical user interface 408 ofADOC 104, depicting the status of ballast tanks 109 of the monitored drydock, according to the preferred embodiment of FIG. 8. This screen givesthe operator three pieces of information related to each of the ballasttanks 109 by ballast tank level sensors 136. A “mag. value” ispreferably displayed reflecting filtered readings from each of themagnetic level sensors (ballast tank level sensors 136) located insideeach of the dry dock ballast tanks. A “pressure value” readingpreferably displays filtered readings from each of the pressure levelsensors located inside each of the dry dock tanks. A “working values”reading is also displayed and normally matches the mag. and pressuresensor values. Each ballast tank 109 in the dry dock is preferablyrepresented as a rectangle display, and is labeled to match the drydocks tank layout.

FIG. 16 shows a diagram illustrating graphical user interface 410 ofADOC 104, depicting the status of ballast pumps 128 of the monitored drydock, according to the preferred embodiment of FIG. 8. FIG. 17 shows adiagram illustrating graphical user interface 412 of ADOC 104, depictingevolution historical draft trends of the monitored dry dock, accordingto the preferred embodiment of FIG. 8. All events in the system arepreferably logged to a file on the supervisory computer for laterreview. Such events preferably include any item that would typicallyhave a specific time-stamp associated with the event. Preferred eventsfor logging include operator log in/out, alarms, and transition specificevents. All continuous data is preferably logged to a historicaldatabase and can be examined or displayed in the event a transitionrequires subsequent review (for example, mechanical failures such aspumps, motors, tank level indicators, etc.). Historical information ispreferably presented in a graphical format, as shown, which allows forfast retrieval based on the date of the event. Preferably, whenpertinent information is found, it can be printed or be transferredelectronically. In addition, the information is preferably madeavailable in a simple CSV format for easy import into most spreadsheetand database programs.

Although applicant has described applicant's preferred embodiments ofthis invention, it will be understood that the broadest scope of thisinvention includes modifications such as diverse shapes, sizes, andmaterials. Such scope is limited only by the below claims as read inconnection with the above specification. Further, many other advantagesof applicant's invention will be apparent to those skilled in the artfrom the above descriptions and the below claims.

What is claimed is:
 1. An apparatus, relating to controlling deflectionsof materials of at least one large, dynamically-supported, elongatedfloatable structure having a plurality of dynamic support points,comprising: a) at least one first set of sensors associated with thematerials and respectively spaced at respective sensor locations alongat least one first length of the materials substantially parallel to atleast one longitudinal axis of the structure; b) at least one controllerstructured and arranged to take dynamic support action responsive tooutputs of said at least one first set of sensors; and c) at least oneaction system structured and arranged to perform the dynamic supportaction; d) wherein each respective sensor of said at least one first setof sensors is essentially adapted to measure respective relativeinclination at a respective sensor location along the at least one firstlength of the materials; e) wherein each said sensor essentiallyprovides information in relation to relative inclinations in respectiveportions of the structure to said at least one controller; f) whereinthe dynamic support action taken by said at least one controllercomprises minimizing of the relative inclinations; and g) whereindeflections in the materials of the respective portions are becontrolled.
 2. The apparatus according to claim 1 wherein: a) the atleast one first length comprises at least one first sub-length and atleast one second sub-length, each one oriented substantially parallel tothe at least one longitudinal axis of the structure; b) said at leastone first set of sensors comprises at least one first plurality ofsensors and at least one second plurality of sensors; c) said at leastone first plurality of sensors is associated with the materials and arespaced at respective sensor locations along the at least one firstsub-length; and d) the at least one second plurality of sensors isassociated with the materials and are spaced at respective sensorlocations along the at least one second sub-length.
 3. The apparatusaccording to claim 2 further comprising: a) at least one position sensorlocated midships of the elongated floatable structure; b) wherein saidat least one position sensor essentially provides at least one referenceindicating position of the elongated floatable structure with respect toat least one horizon; and c) wherein said at least one action system,responsive to said at least one controller, essentially assists thestructure to seek to remain in essentially a horizontal plane.
 4. Theapparatus according to claim 3 wherein: a) said at least one controllercomprises at least one computer processor structured and arranged torespond to deflection information of said sensors and control saidaction system to minimize any deflections.
 5. The apparatus according toclaim 4 wherein: a) said at least one action system further comprises atleast one pumping-system interface structured and arranged to interfacewith at least one ballast pumping system of the elongated floatablestructure; b) wherein said at least one ballast pumping system interfaceassists pumping at least one flowable ballast substance; and c) said atleast one pumping-system interface is further structured and arranged torespond to the at least one controller.
 6. The apparatus according toclaim 5 wherein: a) said at least one action system further comprises atleast one plurality of ballast-tank sensors structured and arranged torespectively measure the flowable substance contained within a pluralityof ballast tanks of the elongated floatable structure; and b) said atleast one plurality of ballast-tank sensors is structured and arrangedto assist monitoring of the flowable ballast substance in and out ofselected ballast tanks among the at least one plurality of ballasttanks.
 7. The apparatus according to claim 6 wherein: a) said at leastone action system further comprises at least one ballast-valvinginterface structured and arranged to interface with at least oneballast-valving system of the elongated floatable structure; b) said atleast one ballast-valving interface is structured and arranged torespond to the at least one controller; and c) said at least oneballast-valving interface is further structured and arranged toselectively enable the at least one flowable ballast substance toselectively flow into or out of individual ballast tanks of the at leastone plurality of ballast tanks.
 8. The apparatus according to claim 7further comprising: a) at least one third plurality of sensorsassociated with the materials and respectively spaced at respectivesensor locations along at least one transverse width of the materialssubstantially perpendicular to at least one longitudinal axis of thestructure; b) wherein said at least one controller is structured andarranged to take dynamic support action responsive to outputs of said atleast one third plurality of sensors; c) wherein each respective sensorof said at least one third plurality of sensors is essentiallystructured and arranged to measure respective relative inclination at arespective sensor location along the at least one transverse width; d)wherein each the sensor of said at least one third plurality of sensorsessentially provides information in relation to the transverse relativeinclinations in respective portions of the structure to said at leastone controller; and e) wherein the dynamic support action by said atleast one controller comprises minimizing of the transverse relativeinclinations; f) wherein deflections in the materials of the transverserespective portions are be controlled; and g) wherein said at least oneaction system is structured and arranged to perform the transversedynamic support action.
 9. The apparatus according to claim 8 wherein:a) each said sensor of said at least one third plurality of sensorscomprises at least one inclinometer sensor; and b) each said at leastone inclinometer sensor comprises at least one inclination transduceradapted to provide at least one electrical output proportioned as to theangular variation from gravity vector.
 10. The apparatus according toclaim 7 wherein essentially each of said first plurality of sensors,said second plurality of sensors, and said position sensor, is connectedby at least one network protocol to said at least one control system.11. The apparatus according to claim 10 wherein: a) each said sensor ofsaid at least one first plurality of sensors, said at least one secondplurality of sensors, and said at least one position sensor comprises atleast one inclinometer sensor; b) each said at least one inclinometersensor comprises at least one inclination transducer adapted to provideat least one electrical output proportioned as to the angular variationfrom gravity vector; and c) the at least one electrical outputsubstantially relates to at least one trim angle of the elongatedfloatable structure.
 12. The apparatus according to claim 11 wherein: a)each said at least one inclinometer sensor of said at least one firstplurality of sensors, said at least one second plurality of sensors, andsaid at least one position sensor further comprise at least oneinclination transducer structured and arranged to provide at least oneelectrical output proportioned as to the angular variation from gravityvector; and b) the at least one electrical output substantially relatesto at least one list angle of the elongated floatable structure.
 13. Theapparatus according to claim 12 wherein: a) each said at least oneinclinometer sensor of said at least one first plurality of sensors,said at least one second plurality of sensors, and said at least oneposition sensor further comprise at least one inclination transducerstructured and arranged to provide at least one electrical outputproportioned as to the angular variation from gravity vector; b) the atleast one electrical output substantially relates to at least one trimangle and at least one list angle; and c) the at least one electricaloutput is substantially determined by variations of electricalresistance associated with the at least one inclination transducer asthe at least one inclination transducer experiences the at least onetrim angle and the at least one list angle.
 14. The apparatus accordingto claim 13 wherein: a) said at least one controller further comprisesat least one sensor-signal collector circuit structured and arranged toattach to said at least one first plurality of sensors and said at leastone second plurality of sensors and said at least one position sensor;and b) said at least one sensor-signal collector circuit provides atleast one sensor-signal converter.
 15. The apparatus according to claim14 wherein said at least one sensor-signal converter converts at leastone sensor analog signal to at least one digital signal.
 16. Theapparatus according to claim 15 wherein said at least one sensor-signalcollector circuit provides at least one serial data stream to at leastone network protocol data stream.
 17. The apparatus according to claim16 wherein the at least one network protocol comprises Ethernetprotocol.
 18. The apparatus according to claim 17 wherein: a) said atleast one controller further comprises at least one power supplystructured and arranged to provide power to said at least one firstplurality of sensors and said at least one second plurality of sensorsand said at least one position sensor; and b) said at least one powersupply comprises at least one power circuit adapted to provide power toat least one power-over-Ethernet protocol switch.
 19. The apparatusaccording to claim 16 further comprising the at least one floatablestructure.
 20. The apparatus according to claim 19 wherein: a) said atleast one floatable structure comprises at least one dry dock; and b)the flowable ballast substance comprises water upon which said at leastone dry dock is afloat.
 21. The apparatus according to claim 20 whereinsaid at least one dry dock comprises: a) at least one starboardwing-wall extending substantially along the at least one firstsub-length; b) at least one port wing-wall extending substantially alongthe at least one second sub-length; and c) at least one floor extendingsubstantially between said at least one starboard wing-wall and said atleast one port wing-wall; d) wherein said first plurality of sensors isattached along said at least one starboard wing-wall; e) wherein saidsecond plurality of sensors is attached along said at least one portwing-wall; and f) wherein said at least one position sensor is attachedmidships along said at least one floor.
 22. A method, relating tocontrolling deflections of materials of at least one large,dynamically-supported, elongated floatable structure having a pluralityof dynamic support points, comprising the steps of: a) installing withinthe at least one large, dynamically-supported, elongated floatablestructure, at least one first set of sensors associated with thematerials and respectively spaced at respective sensor locations alongat least one first length of the materials substantially parallel to atleast one longitudinal axis of the structure; and b) installing withinthe at least one large, dynamically-supported, elongated floatablestructure, at least one controller adapted to take dynamic supportaction responsive to outputs of the at least one first plurality ofsensors; c) installing within the at least one large,dynamically-supported, elongated floatable structure, at least oneaction system structured and arranged to perform the dynamic supportaction; d) wherein each respective sensor of said at least one firstplurality of sensors is essentially adapted to measure respectiverelative inclination at a respective sensor location along the at leastone first length of the materials; e) wherein the each the sensoressentially provides information in relation to relative inclinations inrespective portions of the structure to the at least one controller; f)wherein the dynamic support action by the at least one controllercomprises minimizing of the relative inclinations; and g) whereindeflections in the materials of the respective portions are becontrolled.
 23. The method according to claim 22 further comprising thesteps of: a) identifying within the at least one first length, at leastone first sub-length and at least one second sub-length, each oneoriented substantially parallel to at least one longitudinal axis of thestructure; b) arranging the at least one first set of sensors tocomprise at least one first plurality of sensors and at least one secondplurality of sensors; c) spacing the at least one first set of sensorsat respective sensor locations along the at least one first sub-lengthand associating the at least one first set of sensors with the materialsof the at least one first sub-length; d) spacing the at least one secondset of sensors at respective sensor locations along the at least onesecond sub-length and associating the at least one second set of sensorswith the materials of the at least one second sub-length.
 24. The methodaccording to claim 23 further comprising the step of: a) providing atleast one position sensor located midships of the elongated floatablestructure; and b) operably coupling the at least one position sensor tothe at least one controller to essentially provide at least onereference indicating position of the elongated floatable structure withrespect to at least one horizon; c) wherein the at least one actionsystem, responsive to the at least one controller, essentially assiststhe structure to seek to remain in essentially a horizontal plane. 25.The method according to claim 24 further comprising the steps of: a)merging information from the at least one first plurality of sensors,the at least one second plurality of sensors, and the at least oneposition sensor within the at least one controller; b) determining atleast one action by the at least one action system, using the mergeddata, to essentially assists the structure to seek to remain in theessentially a horizontal plane; and c) initiating by the at least onecontroller, the at least one action of the at least one action system.26. The method according to claim 25 further comprising the steps of: a)providing within the at least one action system, at least oneballast-pumping-system interface adapted to assist action-systemcontrolled pumping of at least one flowable ballast substance by atleast one ballast pumping system of the elongated floatable structure;b) providing within the at least one action system, at least oneplurality of ballast-tank sensors structured and arranged torespectively measure the flowable ballast substance contained within aplurality of ballast tanks of the elongated floatable structure, whereinthe at least one pumping-system interface is structured and arranged toassist move the flowable ballast substance in and out of selectedballast tanks among the at least one plurality of ballast tanks inaccordance with control of the at least one controller; and c) providingwithin the at least one action system, at least one ballast-valvinginterface structured and arranged to interface with at least oneballast-valving system of the elongated floatable structure; d) whereinsaid at least one ballast-valving interface is structured and arrangedto respond to the at least one controller; and e) wherein the at leastone ballast-valving interface is further structured and arranged toselectively enable the at least one flowable ballast substance toselectively flow into or out of individual ballast tanks of the at leastone plurality of ballast tanks.
 27. The method according to claim 26further comprising the step of connecting essentially each of said firstplurality of sensors, said second plurality of sensors, and saidposition sensor to the at least one control system by at least onenetwork having at least one network protocol.
 28. An apparatus, relatingto monitoring deflections of materials of at least one large, floating,elongated dry dock, comprising: a) at least one first plurality ofsensors associated with the materials and respectively spaced atrespective sensor locations along at least one first length of thematerials substantially parallel to at least one longitudinal axis ofthe structure; and b) at least one monitor adapted to make indicationsresponsive to outputs of the at least one first plurality of sensors; c)wherein each respective sensor of the at least one first plurality ofsensors is essentially adapted to measure respective relativeinclination at a respective sensor location along the at least one firstlength of the materials; d) wherein the each the sensor essentiallyprovides information in relation to relative inclinations in respectiveportions of the structure to the at least one monitor; and e) whereindeflections in the materials of the respective portions are bemonitored.